Mafty is an anti-Earth Federation movement led by Mafty Navue Erin. It operates with support from Quack Salver, who has connections to Anaheim Electronics and is also the leader of this movement. Mafty fields a mobile suit team that operates the latest mobile suits, the "XI Gundam" and various models of “Messer,” and owns vessels including a disguised modified ore carrier cargo ship "Valiant.” Its military strength rivals that of a single Earth Federation Forces unit, and it continues to operate while carefully moving its bases to avoid detection. Claiming to protect the Earth's environment, they advocate for all of humanity to live in space and assassinate key ministers of the Earth Federation who reject their demands. Their goal is to force the Earth Federation to fully implement their policies.

One of the Earth Federation Forces units operating out of Davao Air Base. Its jurisdiction is the South Pacific District. When the Kimberley Unit, tasked with capturing and annihilating the anti-Earth Federation movement "Mafty," showed poor results, its commander, Captain Kimberley Heyman, was dismissed, and Captain Kenneth Sleg was appointed as the new commander. Thanks to Kenneth's leadership, the unit's combat strength was significantly improved, including the deployment of the "Penelope", a state-of-the-art prototype developed by Anaheim Electronics to counter the mobile suits operated by Mafty. While it was customary to name the unit after its commander, creating the "Sleg Unit," the newly appointed Kenneth disliked this and changed its name. The new name, Circe, alludes to the goddess who was the daughter of the sun god Helios in the story of Odysseus, inspired by her magic which could tame ferocious beasts.

An Earth Federation Forces unit stationed at Davao Air Base, commanded by Captain Kimberley Heyman. However, due to failures to complete its primary mission, capturing and annihilating the anti-Earth Federation movement "Mafty," lead to the commander's dismissal just before the Adelaide Conference. Attempting to achieve some results and secure his position before the new commander's arrival, Kimberley led his main forces to an elimination operation against forces in Oenbelli claiming to be Mafty's 1st Army. However, he could not close the operation before Kenneth's arrival, and the forces left at the base were slated for reorganization. Kimberley then rushed to suppress the Oenbelli forces using brutal methods, but an independent media outlet SPTV broadcasted the footage documenting their atrocities. Driven into isolation, his remaining forces were subdued by the advancing Mafty, and Kimberley himself was also captured.

A private army formed by tens of thousands of anti-Earth Federation elements gathered in the northern Australian town of Oenbelli. Answering to Fabio Rivera's call, they established a resistance front at Oenbelli, aiming to form an army composed mainly of illegal residents and even considering to organize an air force using diverted supplies from the Earth Federation Forces (EFF). The hijackers who attacked Haunzen Flight 356 were also part of them, and their objective was to secure funds. Although they claimed to be Mafty's 1st Army, they are completely unrelated to Mafty. However, they were still part of the greater anti-Earth Federation movement, when rumors of a massacre by the EFF's Kimberley Unit spread, Hathaway and his team went to investigate. Fabio and his followers asked Mafty to mediate with Quack Salver and cooperated with their operations in Australia.

One of the Earth Federation's law enforcement agencies, with Hundley Yeoksan as its director. It uses Man Hunters to crack down, anti-government activists, illegal Earth residents, and various other targets. Although Yeoksan sometimes clashes with Kenneth, he still cooperates on a professional level. He has also conducted diversionary actions against Mafty. Additionally, Yeoksan proposed to mobilize the fleet under Bright Noa's command to support the Adelaide Conference. The Director of the Bureau of Investigation, Huguest, is concerned that the public supports Mafty's activities and celebrates its leader, Mafty.

The Man Hunters belong to the Criminal Police Organization organized by the Earth Federation, and their official role is to apprehend people illegally residing on Earth and deport them to space. The name comes from their practice of abducting and forcibly deporting Earth residents. Their activities intensified during the time of the Second Neo Zeon War, and at times, they forcibly emigrate even those with residency rights. In the case of Spacenoids, they were even subjected to forced labor.
In U.C. 0105, where only some high-ranking government officials and the privileged class are allowed to reside on Earth, they became militarized beyond the scope of a police organization. Along with this, their tyranny grew more blatant by the day, carrying out abductions in the middle of bustling downtown areas. As a result, public backlash is growing, and some people hope that Mafty will overthrow the Man Hunters.

The Earth Federation governs the entire Earth Sphere, including the Space Colonies. Its capital is located on Earth, and the Prime Minister exercises executive power. Since "Char's Rebellion" in U.C. 0093, lack of large-scale wars has led to a reduction in the size of the Earth Federation Forces and a decline in their proficiency. The number of units with combat experience has decreased, and many units continue to use Jegan as their main mobile suit. The weakening of the military responsible for the security of the Earth Sphere resulted in an expansion of police power, allowing the armed police known as Man Hunters to gain influence.

A central cabinet meeting of the Earth Federation held in Adelaide, Australia, the first to be held on Earth in 13 years. However, the Earth Federation itself was becoming increasingly corrupt and was attempting to pass a "special legislation about residents return to Earth" that would deny residency on Earth to anyone not authorized by the government, without exception. This bill would allow privileged few to monopolize Earth residency rights while endorsing the "manhunts" by the Man Hunters. Mafty's attack on Adelaide was planned to force the repeal of this special legislation.